For aspiring medical students preparing for the National Eligibility and Entrance Test (NEET), mastering topics related to cell cycle and cell division is crucial. This area of study encompasses essential concepts that are needed in understanding the fundamental workings of biological systems, from growth and development to disease progression.
If you’re on the hunt for a comprehensive set of questions that cover these topics, then look no further. We have curated 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) that will test your knowledge and help you prepare effectively for NEET exams.
With our Cell Cycle and Cell Division NEET MCQ Questions PDF Download, you can access an extensive collection of practice questions designed to refine your understanding of this subject matter.
Cell cycle and cell division NEET questions with answers
Here are 50 multiple-choice questions with answers on the cell cycle and cell division for NEET (National Eligibility and Entrance Test):
1. The process of cell division in eukaryotes is called:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Binary fission
d) Fragmentation
Answer: (a)
2. The phase of the cell cycle in which DNA replication occurs is:
a) G1 phase
b) G2 phase
c) S phase
d) M phase
Answer: (c)
3. The division of the cytoplasm following nuclear division is called:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Cytokinesis
d) Interphase
Answer: (c)
4. The correct sequence of phases in the cell cycle is:
a) G1, S, G2, M
b) G1, G2, S, M
c) G1, M, S, G2
d) M, S, G1, G2
Answer: (a)
5. The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes align at the equator of the cell is:
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
Answer: (b)
6. The process of cell division that leads to the formation of two identical daughter cells is:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Binary fission
d) Budding
Answer: (a)
7. The number of chromosomes in a human somatic cell is:
a) 23
b) 46
c) 92
d) 69
Answer: (b)
8. The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell prepares for division is:
a) G1 phase
b) G2 phase
c) S phase
d) M phase
Answer: (b)
9. The enzyme responsible for DNA replication is:
a) DNA polymerase
b) RNA polymerase
c) Helicase
d) Ligase
Answer: (a)
10. The stage of mitosis in which the nuclear envelope breaks down is:
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
Answer: (a)
11. The process of crossing over occurs during:
a) Prophase I of meiosis
b) Metaphase I of meiosis
c) Anaphase I of meiosis
d) Telophase I of meiosis
Answer: (a)
12. The number of daughter cells produced in mitosis is:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
Answer: (b)
13. The spindle fibers are made up of:
a) Microtubules
b) Microfilaments
c) Intermediate filaments
d) Actin filaments
Answer: (a)
14. The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows and carries out normal functions is:
a) G1 phase
b) G2 phase
c) S phase
d) M phase
Answer: (a)
15. The term “homologous chromosomes” refers to:
a) Identical chromosomes
b) Chromosomes that carry the same genes
c) Chromosomes that are not involved in genetic inheritance
d) Chromosomes found only in prokaryotic cells
Answer: (b)
16. The process of cell division that results in the formation of gametes is:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Binary fission
d) Budding
Answer: (b)
17. The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell is:
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
Answer: (c)
18. The phase of meiosis in which homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material is:
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
Answer: (a)
19. The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called:
a) Cell division
b) Cell replication
c) Cell growth
d) Cell differentiation
Answer: (a)
20. The structure that holds together sister chromatids is called:
a) Centrosome
b) Centromere
c) Spindle fiber
d) Nuclear envelope
Answer: (b)
21. The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell carries out its normal functions and prepares for division is:
a) Interphase
b) Prophase
c) Telophase
d) Cytokinesis
Answer: (a)
22. The term “haploid” refers to:
a) Cells with two sets of chromosomes
b) Cells with one set of chromosomes
c) Cells with no chromosomes
d) Cells with extra chromosomes
Answer: (b)
23. The process by which cells become specialized in structure and function is called:
a) Cell division
b) Cell replication
c) Cell growth
d) Cell differentiation
Answer: (d)
24. The phase of meiosis in which chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell is:
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
Answer: (b)
25. The process of cell division that occurs in bacteria is called:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Binary fission
d) Fragmentation
Answer: (c)
26. The term “chromatid” refers to:
a) A duplicated chromosome
b) A single strand of DNA
c) A protein structure that helps organize the DNA
d) A region of the nucleus where ribosomes are produced
Answer: (a)
27. The phase of the cell cycle in which the nuclear envelope reforms and the chromosomes uncoil is:
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
Answer: (d)
28. The protein structure that helps organize the DNA and is involved in chromosome movement during cell division is called:
a) Centrosome
b) Centromere
c) Spindle fiber
d) Nuclear envelope
Answer: (c)
29. The phase of meiosis in which homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell is:
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
Answer: (c)
30. The process by which the genetic information from DNA is transferred to RNA is called:
a) Replication
b) Transcription
c) Translation
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: (b)
31. The enzyme responsible for RNA synthesis during transcription is:
a) DNA polymerase
b) RNA polymerase
c) Helicase
d) Ligase
Answer: (b)
32. The phase of meiosis in which the nuclear envelope reforms and the chromosomes uncoil is:
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
Answer: (d)
33. The process by which RNA is converted into a protein is called:
a) Replication
b) Transcription
c) Translation
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: (c)
34. The number of daughter cells produced in meiosis is:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
Answer: (c)
35. The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell is actively dividing is:
a) Interphase
b) Prophase
c) Telophase
d) Cytokinesis
Answer: (d)
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36. The enzyme responsible for joining the Okazaki fragments during DNA replication is:
a) DNA polymerase
b) RNA polymerase
c) Helicase
d) Ligase
Answer: (d)
37. The stage of meiosis in which sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell is:
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
Answer: (c)
38. The process by which a cell becomes two cells with identical genetic information is called:
a) Cell division
b) Cell replication
c) Cell growth
d) Cell differentiation
Answer: (a)
39. The term “diploid” refers to:
a) Cells with two sets of chromosomes
b) Cells with one set of chromosomes
c) Cells with no chromosomes
d) Cells with extra chromosomes
Answer: (a)
40. The phase of meiosis in which homologous chromosomes pair up and form tetrads is:
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
Answer: (a)
41. The process of cell division that occurs in somatic cells is called:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Binary fission
d) Budding
Answer: (a)
42. The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell undergoes growth and prepares for DNA replication is:
a) G1 phase
b) G2 phase
c) S phase
d) M phase
Answer: (a)
43. The term “zygote” refers to:
a) A cell that is ready for division
b) A fertilized egg cell
c) A cell with two sets of chromosomes
d) A cell that is in the process of DNA replication
Answer: (b)
44. The phase of mitosis in which the nuclear envelope reforms and the chromosomes uncoil is:
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
Answer: (d)
45. The process by which a diploid cell becomes haploid is called:
a) Replication
b) Transcription
c) Translation
d) Reduction division
Answer: (d)
46. The protein responsible for condensing and organizing the DNA into chromosomes is called:
a) Centrosome
b) Centromere
c) Spindle fiber
d) Histone
Answer: (d)
47. The phase of meiosis in which sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell is:
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I
Answer: (c)
48. The number of daughter cells produced in binary fission is:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
Answer: (a)
49. The term “kinetochore” refers to:
a) A protein structure that helps organize the DNA
b) A region of the nucleus where ribosomes are produced
c) A specialized region on a chromosome where spindle fibers attach
d) A protein that helps break down the nuclear envelope during mitosis
Answer: (c)
50. The process of cell division that occurs in plant cells is called:
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis
c) Binary fission
d) Cytokinesis
Answer: (d)
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Conclusion
Cell cycle and cell division NEET MCQ questions presented here provide a comprehensive overview of this important topic in biology. By answering these questions, students can deepen their understanding of the cell cycle and its regulation, as well as the processes of mitosis and meiosis.
These skills are essential for success in biology exams like NEET and can also be applied to various fields of scientific research.
We encourage students to continue exploring this fascinating topic and mastering the concepts discussed here. With practice and perseverance, they can excel in their studies and pursue exciting careers in the life sciences.
